KMID : 1134820210500101019
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Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2021 Volume.50 No. 10 p.1019 ~ p.1029
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Anti-Aging Effects of Black Ginseng Extract via H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress Regulation in Human Keratinocytes
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Ahn So-Hee
Lee Gye-Won Kwon Deuk-Sang Shin Hyun-Joong Cho Young-Ho
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Abstract
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In this study, black ginseng extract steamed six times at 95¡ÆC (BGE-A6) was evaluated for its antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, and skin moisturizing effects in human keratinocytes. When steamed six times at 95¡ÆC, the content of total ginsenosides including minor ginsenosides (Rg3, Rh4, Rk1, and Rg5) was the highest at 14.97 mg/g. The antioxidant properties of BGE-A6 were measured by using different in vitro antioxidant assays such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, ABTS), and superoxide anion radical scavenging activity. The antioxidant activity of BGE-A6 was increased in a dose-dependent manner. A 2¡Ç,7¡Ç-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFDA) assay and a western blot assay were performed to verify the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging activity of BGE-A6 in H2O2-induced human keratinocytes. Pretreatment with 100 ¥ìg/mL of BGE-A6 inhibited intracellular ROS production by about 40%. Also, the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), very well-known as antioxidant enzymes, was increased by BGE-A6 in a dose-dependent manner. BGE-A6 was shown to significantly inhibit the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and increase the production of type I collagen, thus confirming its anti-wrinkle activity (P<0.05). Furthermore, BGE-A6 significantly increased the phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) and the expression of moisturizing proteins, such as hyaluronic acid synthase 2 (HAS2) and aquaporin 3 (AQP3), indicating that it is effective in enhancing skin hydration. The results of this study suggest that BGE-A6 has potential for use as an effective compound in anti-aging cosmetics to address wrinkle formation and skin hydration.
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KEYWORD
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black ginseng, steaming, anti-aging effect, heme oxygenase, superoxide dismutase-1
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